The most common forms of otorhinolaryngological cancer are epidermoid carcinoma in the mucous membrane of the mouth, the tonsils, the pharynx or the larynx (vocal cords). It is sometimes preceded by precancerous lesions. These cancers are most commonly linked to alcohol and tobacco consumption.
Some upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers are linked to workplace exposure and may be recognised as an occupational disease.